Prototype pollution in @feathersjs/commons _.merge via JSON-parsed __proto__

NVD Description

### Impact The `_.merge(target, source)` utility exported by `@feathersjs/commons` recursively merges `source` into `target` by iterating `Object.keys(source)`. When `source` was produced by `JSON.parse` and contains a `__proto__` (or `constructor` / `prototype`) key, that key is returned as an own-enumerable property. The recursive merge then resolves `target['__proto__']` to `Object.prototype` and writes the attacker-supplied properties onto it, polluting the prototype for all plain objects in the process for the lifetime of the Node process. **Scope of real-world risk is limited.** No first-party Feathers package routes input — trusted or untrusted — through `commons._.merge`. The `@feathersjs/authentication` package, which does merge request-influenced data, uses `lodash/merge` (prototype-pollution-safe since 4.17.12), not this utility. Exploitation therefore requires a downstream plugin or application to pass JSON-parsed, attacker-controlled input directly through the exported `_.merge`. ### Patches Fixed in `@feathersjs/commons@5.0.45`. The fix skips `__proto__`, `constructor`, and `prototype` keys during iteration — the standard remediation used by lodash and others. ### Workarounds Avoid passing JSON-parsed untrusted input through `commons._.merge`. Freezing `Object.prototype` or validating/sanitizing keys upstream also mitigates. ### Credit Reported responsibly by Andrew Ridings (@ridingsa).

Affected Packages (1)