vLLM versions before 0.28.0 fail to validate the lower bound of token IDs in the /v1/embeddings and /pooling endpoints, allowing unauthenticated attackers to crash the engine by submitting negative token IDs. A single request with a negative token ID triggers a CUDA device-side assertion that poisons the GPU context, causing all subsequent requests to fail until the process restarts.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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